Which type of defensive operation maintains control over a specific area?

The type of defensive operation that maintains control over a specific area is the Area Defense. This type of operation is characterized by units that are positioned to defend a specific piece of terrain or area, allowing for a focus on defeating an enemy's offensive actions in that defined space. The primary objective in an Area Defense is to retain control of the territory, protect vital assets, and prevent the enemy from gaining leverage in that location.

In an Area Defense, the defending force often creates strongholds, weapons placements, and various obstacles to enhance their defensive posture. Engaging the enemy effectively while controlling the ground is key, as the defenders aim to fight from prepared positions, utilizing available cover and concealment, which contributes significantly to the overall effectiveness of the defense.

Mobile Defense, on the other hand, involves maneuvering forces to regain the initiative and disrupt enemy movements rather than simply holding a position. Retrograde operations focus on the withdrawal of forces while remaining ready to conduct defensive fighting to the rear, and Offensive Defense combines principles of defense with offensive actions to regain control or push the enemy back, which does not focus solely on maintaining control over a defined area as the Area Defense does.